310 items found

Tags: Public Health Epidemiology

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  • GlossaryTerm

    Epidemic

    The occurrence of more cases of disease than expected in a given area or among a specific group of people over a particular period of time.
    • Public Health
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Vulnerability

    • Public Health
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Early Warning Surveillance (Epidemiological Watch, Epidemiovigilance, Scannin...

    Surveillance of health indicators and diseases in defined populations to increase the likelihood of timely detection of undefined (new) or unexpected (exotic or reemerging)...
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Vectorial Ecology

    transmission of a pathogen from vertebrate host to another within the adequate environmental conditions
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Vector

    An animal, most often an arthropod, which picks up the pathogen from an infected person or animal and transmits it to a susceptible individual.
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Foodborne Outbreak

    An incidence, observed under given circumstances, of two or more human cases of the same disease and/or infection, or a situation in which the observed number of human cases...
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Serotype

    A group of closely related microorganisms distinguished by a characteristic set of antigens; alsothe set of antigens characteristic of such a group
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Epidemic

    The condition in which a disease spreads rapidly through a community in which that disease is normally not present or is present at a low level.
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Pathological

    Indicative of, or caused by, a disease or condition.
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Cluster

    An aggregation of cases of a disease, injury, or other health condition (particularly cancer and birth defects) in a circumscribed area during a particular period without regard...
    • Public Health
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Continuing Source Epidemic (Outbreak)

    An epidemic in which new cases of disease occur over a long period, indicating persistence of the disease source.
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Antibiotic

    A drug that kills or stops the growth of bacteria. Antibiotics are a type of antimicrobial. Penicillin and ciprofloxacin are examples of antibiotics.
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Economic efficiency

    Whether the surveillance system produces the desired effect without wasting resources. Three levels of economic efficiency can be defined: - Optimisation: maximising the net...
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Zoonotic Infection

    Infection that causes disease in human populations but can be perpetuated solely in nonhuman host animals (e.g., bubonic plague); may be enzootic.
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Hazard

    Inherent capability of an agent or a situation to have an adverse effect. A factor or exposure that may adversely affect health. Loosely, in lay speech a synonym for RISK; in...
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Hazard Analysis

    In public health risk assessment: The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or...
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Incidence Rate

    The number of new cases per population at risk in a given time period.
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Place Of Origin Of Problem

    Place where the contributory factors occurred.
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  • GlossaryTerm

    Incidence Proportion

    The number of new cases within a specified time period divided by the size of the population initially at risk.
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  • GlossaryTerm

    False alarm rate

    Proportion of negative events (e.g. non-outbreak periods) incorrectly classified as events (e.g.outbreaks). This is the inverse of the specificity but can be more easily...
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