A distinct part or branch of a nation’s sociological, economic, or political society or a sphere of activity such as human health, animal health, or environment.

The real-time exchange of information, advice and opinions among experts, community leaders or officials and the people who are at risk or who have a direct influence on risk...

One or more of the first wave of cases serves as a source of infection for subsequent cases and those subsequent cases, in turn, serve as sources for later cases. The shape of...

Means that more than one sector is working together (e.g. on a joint program or response to an event), but does not imply that all relevant sectors are working together

non-profit organization based in the U.S., created out of the joint efforts of leaders from multiple disciplines.

A system whereby the disease or infection has to be reported to the competent authority based on a legal obligation.

Personal characteristics of a person or group (e.g., age, sex, race/ethnicity, residence, and occupation) demographic information is used in descriptive epidemiology to...

Total characteristics displayed by an organism under a particular set of environmental factors, regardless of the actual genotype of the organism.

Means the process of identifying, selecting and implementing measures that can be applied to reduce the level of risk.

Odds are expressed as the probability of an event occurring divided by the probability of the event not occurring. The odds ratio is a tool to show how strongly having or not...

A branching chart that indicates the evolutionary lineage or genetic relatedness of organisms

Data on animals or people at a particular place by administrative or geographycal units

Small part or quantity intended to show what the whole is like.

All living organisms of a given region.

A standard operating procedure (SOP) is a set of step-by-step instructions compiled by an organization to help workers carry out complex routine operations. SOPs aim to achieve...

The real-time (or near real-time) collection, analysis, interpretation and dissemination of health-related data to enable the early identification of the impact (or absence of...

Complete list of all units of the population, which can be sampled

An infectious disease transmissible (as from person to person) by direct contact with an infected individual or the individual’s discharges or by indirect means (as by a vector).

The proportion of the population of interest (target population) that is included in the surveillance activity.

disease or infection caused by an agent which is transmissible from animals to humans.